Advantages and disadvantages of pneumatic components

Advantages and disadvantages of pneumatic components

A component that performs work by the force generated by the pressure or expansion of a gas, that is, a component that converts the elastic energy of compressed air into kinetic energy. Such as cylinders, air motors, steam engines, etc. Pneumatic components are a form of power transmission and are also energy conversion devices that use gas pressure to transfer energy.

advantage

1. The pneumatic device is simple in structure, light in weight, simple in installation and maintenance. The medium is air, which is not easy to burn compared to the hydraulic medium, so it is safe to use.

2, the working medium is inexhaustible air, the air itself does not cost money. The exhaust gas treatment is simple, does not pollute the environment, and has low cost.

3. The adjustment of output force and working speed is very easy. The operating speed of the cylinder is generally less than 1M/S, which is faster than the hydraulic and electrical modes of operation.

4. High reliability and long service life. The number of effective actions of electrical components is about one million times, while the life of general solenoid valves is more than 30 million times, and some good quality valves exceed 200 million times.

5. Using the compressibility of air, energy can be stored to achieve centralized gas supply. Energy can be released in a short time to achieve high speed response in intermittent motion. Buffering can be achieved. Strong adaptability to shock load and overload. Under certain conditions, the pneumatic device can be self-retaining.

6. Full pneumatic control has the ability of fireproof, explosion-proof and moisture-proof. Pneumatically available in high temperature applications compared to hydraulics.

7. Compressed air can be supplied centrally and transported over long distances.

Disadvantage

1. Due to the compressibility of the air, the speed of the cylinder is subject to changes due to load changes. This problem can be overcome by using gas-liquid linkage.

2. When the cylinder is moving at low speed, the frictional force accounts for a large proportion of the thrust, and the low speed stability of the cylinder is not as good as that of the hydraulic cylinder.

3. Although in many applications, the output force of the cylinder can meet the working requirements, its output force is smaller than that of the hydraulic cylinder.

Pneumatic technology is a specialized technology that uses compressed air as a medium to drive and control machinery. Because it has the advantages of energy saving, pollution-free, high efficiency, low cost, safety and reliability, and simple structure, it is widely used in various machinery and production lines. In the past, pneumatic systems and components on production lines such as automobiles and tractors were designed, manufactured and repaired by each factory.